Psychology of Adjustment

Unit 4 Examination 182 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet) 1. According to research, which group suffers from stress? a. high-income employees b. women c. well-educated individuals d. All of the above. 2. Stress that has a beneficial effect on us is called: a. hyperstress b. hypostress c. distress d. eustress 3. Monotonous jobs typically inspire: a. eustress b. hyperstress c. hypostress d. distress 4

. The life-events approach to conceptualizing stress: a. considers the total impact of various life changes, such as beginning college or getting married b. takes into account how individuals perceive a given change c. includes the stress that comes from chronic conditions, such as a boring job d. includes the stress caused by everyday incidents, such as losing your keys 5. Which events do college students find particularly stressful, according to research? a. the transition from high school to college b. full-time work while attending college c. more autonomy over lifestyles d. All of the above. 6. Some students feel distressed only in test situations. They might be said to suffer from: a. acute stress b. hyperstress c. eustress d. hypostress Unit 4 Examination 183 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment 7. Which term does NOT describe the Type A personality? a. competitive and sometimes hostile b. holds rigorous standards c. distressed and time urgent d. forgiving and relaxed 8. Which is NOT used when defining psychological disorders? a. personal distress b. maladaptive behavior c. increased freedom or personal control d. increased risk of suffering disability, pain, or death 9. According to the text, stigmas about mental disorders: a. are really a legal matter for lawyers and politicians b. are related primarily to disrespect c. seem to concern psychologists but not psychiatrists d. can be defined as the number of new cases per year 10. Women are ________ more likely than men to develop depression in their lifetime. a. 70% b. 75% c. 85% d. 95% 11. Sets of symptoms more common in some societies are called: a. culture-bound syndromes b. culture-clash syndromes c. secular syndromes d. societal syndromes 12. Women are more likely to suffer from ________, while men are more likely to suffer from ________. a. alcohol abuse; depression b. anxiety; phobia c. depression; drug abuse d. phobias; depression Unit 4 Examination 184 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment 13. Throughout the DSM-IV, the emphasis is on: a. distinguishing between neuroses and psychoses b. identifying the causes of the various disorders c. classifying the behavior patterns and not people d. labeling people as either normal or abnormal 14. Which statement regarding psychotherapy is true? a. Men are more likely than women to seek professional treatment. b. It is less likely to be used by those with mild disturbances. c. About one in five adults with serious psychological problems will seek help from a mental health professional. d. Women are more likely to mask their problems with alcohol and drugs. 15. Which is NOT one of the common goals of the different forms of therapy? a. relief from symptoms b. better understanding of thoughts and feelings c. modifying problem behaviors d. All of these are goals of therapy. 16. Which of the following is considered an insight therapy? a. psychoanalysis b. behavioral therapy c. desensitization d. biomedical therapies 17. In the psychoanalytic approach, the unconscious tendency of clients to project onto the therapist their feelings and fantasies about significant others in their childhood is called: a. resistance b. free-association c. desensitization d. transference 18. __________ is the most likely to utilize the technique of free association. a. person-centered therapy b. behavioral therapy c. psychoanalysis d. all use free association Unit 4 Examination 185 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment 19. Traditionally, psychoanalysis involved ________ sessions _______ times a week, often lasting several years. a. half-hour, one to two b. half-hour, three to five c. one-hour, one to two d. one-hour, three to five 20. According to the text, what percentage of people frequently think about their own death? a. 25 b. 30 c. 35 d. 40 21. Kidney disease accounts for _________ number of deaths each year. a. 562,875 b. 127,924 c. 46,448 d. 22,000 22. What is the leading cause of death in the U.S.? a. heart disease b. kidney disease c. violence d. accidents 23. People in which age group tend to be most fearful of death? a. teenagers b. late 20s c. early 50s d. elderly 24. Mary is less fearful of death than many older people her age. According to the text, a major reason for Mary’s diminished fear of death probably is her: a. having cared for a terminally ill friend b. genuine belief in the afterlife c. feeling that “it can’t happen to me” d. having a college education Unit 4 Examination 186 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment 25. Which of the following is NOT typical of near-death experiences? a. individuals experience a detachment from their bodies b. there is a reunion with long-lost friends and loved ones c. there is a brilliant light d. there is a life review with a sense of judgment upon it Unit 4 Examination 187 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Writing Assignment for Unit Four • Responses must be typed double-spaced, using a standard font (i.e. Times New Roman) and 12 point type size. Word count is NOT one of the criteria that is used in assigning points to writing assignments. However, students who are successful in earning the maximum number of points tend to submit writing assignments that fall in the following ranges: Undergraduate courses: 350 – 500 words or 1 – 2 pages. Graduate courses: 500 – 750 words or 2 – 3 pages. Doctoral courses: 750 – 1000 words or 4 – 5 pages. Plagiarism All work must be free of any form of plagiarism. Put written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook. Be sure to refer to the course syllabus for more details on plagiarism and proper citation styles. Please answer ONE of the following: • Include your name, student number, course number, course title and unit number with your writing assignment. • Begin each writing assignment by identifying the question number you are answering followed by the actual question itself (in bold type). • Use a standard essay format for responses to all questions (i.e., an introduction, middle paragraphs and conclusion). 1. What are defense mechanisms? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using them to cope with stress? Provide examples of three of them. 2. Differentiate the psychoanalytic approach from the behavioral approach to therapy on any four dimensions (e.g., technique, effectiveness, etc.). 3. What are the five stages of dying as detailed by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross? Describe each one.