Prepare a 4-5 pages report in APA format. Please provide a detailed description and analysis of the following:

Leading risk factors contributing to death and/or disability in low and middle-income countries. Compare and contrast these factors against higher-income countries.

Discuss how globalization of health care can prevent chronic disease.

Treatment gaps of effective treatment of mental disorders exist in low and middle-income countries, what are the reasons for these gaps?

Discuss the relationship between human rights and global health around the world. Give some examples in your discussion.

Give a minimum of seven references. References MUST be peer reviewed, citations must match references.

It is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological processes of disease, the clinical manifestations and treatment protocols, and how they affect clients across the life span.

Evaluate the Health History and Medical Information for Mrs. J., presented below.

Based on this information, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation, and complete the Critical Thinking Essay assignment, as instructed below.

Health History and Medical Information

Health History

Mrs. J. is a 63-year-old married woman who has a history of hypertension, chronic heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite requiring 2L of oxygen/nasal cannula at home during activity, she continues to smoke two packs of cigarettes a day and has done so for 40 years. Three days ago, she had sudden onset of flu-like symptoms including fever, productive cough, nausea, and malaise. Over the past 3 days, she has been unable to perform ADLs and has required assistance in walking short distances. She has not taken her antihypertensive medications or medications to control her heart failure for 3 days. Today, she has been admitted to the hospital ICU with acute decompensated heart failure and acute exacerbation of COPD.

Subjective Data

1. Is very anxious and asks whether she is going to die.
2. Denies pain but says she feels like she cannot get enough air.
3. Says her heart feels like it is “running away.”
4. Reports that she is exhausted and cannot eat or drink by herself.

Objective Data

1. Height 175 cm; Weight 95.5kg.
2. Vital signs: T 37.6C, HR 118 and irregular, RR 34, BP 90/58.
3. Cardiovascular: Distant S1, S2, S3 present; PMI at sixth ICS and faint: all peripheral pulses are 1+; bilateral jugular vein distention; initial cardiac monitoring indicates a ventricular rate of 132 and atrial fibrillation.
4. Respiratory: Pulmonary crackles; decreased breath sounds right lower lobe; coughing frothy blood-tinged sputum; SpO2 82%.
5. Gastrointestinal: BS present: hepatomegaly 4cm below costal margin.

Intervention

The following medications administered through drug therapy control her symptoms:

1. IV furosemide (Lasix)
2. Enalapril (Vasotec)
3. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
4. IV morphine sulphate (Morphine)
5. Inhaled short-acting bronchodilator (ProAir HFA)
6. Inhaled corticosteroid (Flovent HFA)
7. Oxygen delivered at 2L/ NC

Critical Thinking Essay

In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mrs. J.’s situation. Include the following:

1. Describe the clinical manifestations present in Mrs. J.
2. Discuss whether the nursing interventions at the time of her admissions were appropriate for Mrs. J. and explain the rationale for each of the medications listed.
3. Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to prevent the development of heart failure in each condition.
4. Taking into consideration the fact that most mature adults take at least six prescription medications, discuss four nursing interventions that can help prevent problems caused by multiple drug interactions in older patients. Provide a rationale for each of the interventions you recommend.
5. Provide a health promotion and restoration teaching plan for Mrs. J., including multidisciplinary resources for rehabilitation and any modifications that may be needed. Explain how the rehabilitation resources and modifications will assist the patients’ transition to independence.
6. Describe a method for providing education for Mrs. J. regarding medications that need to be maintained to prevent future hospital admission. Provide rationale.
7. Outline COPD triggers that can increase exacerbation frequency, resulting in return visits. Considering Mrs. J.’s current and long-term tobacco use, discuss what options for smoking cessation should be offered.

You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

1. Select a current topic (Competition with long distance service)(ATT/MCI) and source related to module materials and objectives.
2. Research and analyze using scholarly resources.
3. Length/format: 1-2 pages (including references), APA format.
4. Include: Summary, Problem, Significance of the problem, two Alternative Actions, Recommendation and a Reference page.

Upon submission, your work will automatically be evaluated through the Turnitin plagiarism detection tool. Ensure your work is entirely your own. Cite your sources! Turnitin provides an originality report that you can download and use to review and revise your paper as needed, prior to submitting your case analysis in the next activity

I have attached a few pages from text

Overview

Create an 8–10-slide mobilization plan PowerPoint presentation (with detailed speaker’s notes) for a mobilization plan by your health care organization to commit 20 nurses to participate in a 4-month-long multinational effort to treat patients exposed to a highly contagious virus in a hot zone in Africa.

Nursing leaders must incorporate approaches that are inclusive and respectful of all stakeholders in the health care workforce, patient population, and the larger community that is served by the organization. Communication among members of teams, between departments and service lines, within large networks, with strategic business partners, and with patients, families, or support persons requires awareness of various facets of effective communication and cultural competence. A mobilization plan for an international medical mission requires careful planning of organizational structure roles, power distribution, and team member empowerment.

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By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

• Competency 1: Identify nursing leadership priorities using a systems perspective.
  • Identify the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.
• Competency 2: Apply systems theory and systems thinking to facilitate health care delivery and patient outcomes.
  • Apply systems thinking to determine the impact of the mobilization effort on hospital staffing and care patterns.
  • Identify key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel.
• Competency 3: Analyze the role of multiculturalism and diversity in organizational and systems structure and leadership.
  • Examine potential multicultural and diversity issues that mission personnel may encounter.
• Competency 4: Evaluate how power relates to health care organizational structure, behavior, and leadership.
  • Describe the medical mission team’s organizational structure and how power is distributed.
  • Assess how the organizational structure empowers team members.
  • Evaluate potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent.
• Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is consistent with the expectations of a nursing professional.
  • Write content clearly and logically, with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
  • Correctly format citations and references using current APA style.

  Context

  Power

  Leadership is often referred to as a power relationship and to be in a leadership role is to have some degree of power (Grossman & Valiga, 2013). The power that comes as a natural part of being a leader can be used most effectively not by control; but by influencing the direction of a group and the accomplishment of a vision. Power does not come just from having a position of authority; but also from having self-confidence, knowledge, a sense of purpose, and commitment to an ideal. Good communication skills, flexibility, a willingness to collaborate with others, as well as being open to other ideas and risks are sources of power. Leaders empower others by sharing the vision and inspiring commitment to a project or mission.

  Reference

  Grossman, S. C. & Valiga, T. M. (2013). New leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis.

Suggested Resources

The following optional resources are provided to support you in completing the assessment or to provide a helpful context. For additional resources, refer to the Research Resources and Supplemental Resources in the left navigation menu of your courseroom.

Capella Multimedia

Click the links provided below to view the following multimedia pieces:

Power

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1. Power

Dr. Abrams:
To continue our discussion on being persuasive and powerful and influential in your negotiations, let us talk a little about power. Most people have a negative reaction to power, but I want you to think of power as something neutral. That power is not good or bad. Power exists in all people, all organizations, all environments, how power is used and to what ends affect whether it is good or bad.

The researchers, French and Raven, did a study on power, and came up with six different kinds. One is expert power, that we grant people power because they are experts in the field. Also gives them a lot of logic and a lot of credibility.

Legitimate power is the kind of power that we grant people based on their title or their role.

Referent power is the power we give to people because we have a lot of respect for them, and we want to be like them, in a role model kind of situation.

Information, we give people power, because they have information that we want. One of the great killers of an organization is withholding information. Powerful people actually share information.

The other one is called punishment power/reward power. Well, we grant people power if they have the ability to punish us and/or the ability to reward us. For example, your boss, your professor, your parents. Individual resources and abilities impact power exercised by a person in a negotiation situation.

Individual differences and ability, political skills, and a willingness to use those skills and abilities within the organization are really important on how you define your BATNA, how you make a decision, and your walkaway point.

I think though, handling power in an organization is a skill. Part of learning to manage is learning to manage power.

Gaining power internally brings you a sense of self, which is different from power externally. So you want power in your organization, because of who you are, and people believe that organizations are rational. However, they are not.

One of the ways to understand organizations is to look at organizations as political, not rational, and that politics impact the organization internally and externally.

The equation goes like this, politics equals influence and equals power. I want you to think about who you grant power to in your organization and why, and who you grant power to in a negotiation setting and why.

2. Five Reasons Organizations Behave as Political Institutions

Dr. Abrams:
I have five reasons that organizations behave as political institutions. I will just state them clearly and then you can let me know what you think. First thing is that humans have values. Our actions reflect our priorities and our priorities are reflections of our values.

So if you want to persuade me to do something in a negotiation, you are going to have to figure out what it is that I value.

Organizational effectiveness is a value. The issue or the criteria used to measure effectiveness is a value choice. So for some people it is bottom line, for other people, no one got fired today, other settings, no one got killed today. So I want you to think about how you define organizational effectiveness and how the people at the table will be defining organizational effectiveness.

Third one is, there is always competition for scarce resources. There is never ever enough internal resources and external resources, and the question is, who is going to get them and why? If you make your argument based on a value system of the organization and the person, you are more likely to get the resources you need.

Information is seldom complete. We never have enough information to make a decision. We fill in those gaps with our judgment. Judgments are based on experience and your value system, and your value system affects how you see things. So it is a good idea to find out somebody’s interest over position for the negotiation.

The last one is that we have a tremendous dependency on others in our organization, and we need to be persuasive, we need to be influential to get those people to come to the table. We are dependent on them, you have no control over them.

So to sum all this up, it is not a solution, it is a suggestion, is the idea of law reciprocity. You take care of people, they will take care of you. Sometimes you honestly compromise and then they will compromise. If you scratch my back, I will scratch yours. It is a really important concept.

Another one is currency. Find out what people’s currencies are. Find out what their values are and how you can attribute to those and create networks, so you could build coalitions and figure out how to make the best possible argument to fit your needs.

Assessment Instructions

Preparation

Use the Capella library and the Internet to help you complete this assessment. For help using PowerPoint, refer to the Microsoft Tutorials and other resources located in the Suggested Resources and left navigation menu of the courseroom.

This assessment is based upon the scenario below. The scenario is very limited in detail; where more detail is needed, incorporate any assumptions you make to flesh out the scenario. It is intended to assess your ability to communicate your approach to a challenge by evaluating issues of organization, leadership, safety, quality improvement, multiculturalism and diversity.

Your approach should be very conceptual and high-level.

Scenario

Your health care organization has recently committed 20 nurses to participate in a 4-month-long multinational effort to treat patients exposed to a highly contagious virus in a “hot zone” in Africa. The director of your organization has asked you, because of your previous medical mission experience, to outline nursing-related plans for preparing for the mobilization and present this information at an upcoming staff meeting.

Deliverable: Mobilization Plan PowerPoint Presentation

Create an 8–10-slide PowerPoint presentation (with detailed speaker’s notes) of your mobilization plan. It should be targeted toward members of the hospital’s administrative staff, nurses, and the physicians who will also participate in this medical mission.

• Use bullet points and phrases on the slides.
• The narrative, or explanation for each slide, should be in the speaker’s notes section.

The mobilization plan should address the following:

• Identify the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.
• Analyze how the mobilization effort will impact staffing patterns and nursing care at the hospital.
• Describe the medical mission team’s organizational structure of the mission team and how power is distributed.
  • Include one slide of an organizational diagram for the mission.
    • Describe the roles (in the speaker’s notes).
• Assess how the organizational structure empowers team members.
  • Provide 1–2 examples of how team members will have power.
• Identify key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel.
• Evaluate potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent.
  • (Be generic; that is, do not address individual nationalities, races, et cetera.)
  • Consider interactions with health care personnel from other countries.
• Examine potential multicultural and diversity issues that mission personnel may encounter.
  • Consider that the indigenous population may be hostile to treatment.
  • Outline possible training requirements to improve cultural competencies of the personnel.

Additional Requirements

• Written communication: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
• APA formatting: Resources and in-text citations should be formatted according to current APA style and formatting.
• Length: Presentation should be 8–10 slides. Include speaker’s notes on each content slide.
• References: Include a minimum of three peer-reviewed resources on the final slide (in APA format).
• General formatting: Choose an appropriate theme if using a template.

Print

Mobilization Plan Scoring Guide

CRITERIA	NON-PERFORMANCE	BASIC	PROFICIENT	DISTINGUISHED
Identify the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.	Does not identify the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.	Identifies some, but not all of the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.	Identifies the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan.	Identifies the major stakeholders within the health care system that would be affected by the mobilization plan, and evaluates the suitability of an organization for a medical mission.
Apply systems thinking to determine the impact of the mobilization effort on hospital staffing and care patterns.	Does not apply systems thinking to determine the impact of the mobilization effort on hospital staffing and care patterns.	Identifies staffing and care patterns at the hospital, but does not use systems thinking to examine the impact of the mobilization effort on staffing and patient care.	Applies systems thinking to determine the impact of the mobilization effort on hospital staffing and care patterns.	Applies systems thinking to determine the impact of the mobilization effort on hospital staffing and care patterns, and offers specific strategies to maximize staffing and maintain a high level of patient care.
Describe the medical mission team’s organizational structure and how power is distributed.	Does not describe the medical mission team’s organizational structure and how power is distributed.	Describes the medical mission team’s organizational structure but not how power is distributed.	Describes the medical mission team’s organizational structure and how power is distributed.	Describes the medical mission team’s organizational structure and how power is distributed; the structure is designed so that power is equal among mission team members.
Assess how the organizational structure empowers team members.	Does not assess how the organizational structure empowers team members.	Describes how the medical mission team’s organizational structure operates, but does not address how it empowers the team members.	Assesses how the organizational structure empowers team members.	Assesses how the organizational structure empowers team members, and provides examples of how all team members are empowered to make decisions within the context of their expertise.
Identify key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel.	Does not identify key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel.	Identifies key actions to assure quality of care and safety for patients, but does not address safety for mission personnel.	Identifies key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel.	Identifies key actions needed to assure quality of care and safety for mission patients and personnel, and organizes the actions by critical level.
Examine potential multicultural and diversity issues that mission personnel may encounter.	Does not examine potential multicultural and diversity issues that the mission may encounter.	Misidentifies or omits key multicultural and diversity issues that the mission may encounter.	Examines potential multicultural and diversity issues that the mission may encounter.	Examines potential multicultural and diversity issues that the mission may encounter, and proposes solutions or actions to address each issue.
Evaluate potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent.	Does not evaluate potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent.	Identifies some power issues that may arise during the mission, but does not specifically refer to a multinational contingent.	Evaluates potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent.	Evaluates potential power issues that may arise when dealing with a multinational contingent, and identifies the top priorities and suggests a strategy.
Write content clearly and logically, with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.	Does not write content clearly and logically, and there are errors in grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.	Writes with errors in clarity, logic, grammar, punctuation, or mechanics.	Writes content clearly and logically, with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.	Writes clearly and logically, with correct use spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics, and uses relevant evidence to support a central idea.
Correctly format citations and references using current APA style.	Does not correctly format citations and references using current APA style.	Uses current APA to format citations and references but with numerous errors.	Correctly formats citations and references using current APA style with a few errors.	Correctly formats citations and references with no errors.